History and symbols of Brazil
The fifth largest country in the world, Brazil is also the only country to be crossed by both the equator and the Tropic of Capricorn. Its territory occupies a large part of the east coast and the interior territory of the South American continent, allowing it to share a border with all South American countries, with the exception of Ecuador and Chile.
Colonized by Portugal at the beginning of the 16th century, and declared independent in 1822, Brazil has retained Portuguese as its main language, the only one in South America, and by far the largest Portuguese-speaking population in the world. Brazilian culture presents an extremely diverse and varied nature which can be described as that of a multicultural society which has given rise to many world-famous festivals (such as Brazilian carnivals).